Innovative 3D Gold Microelectrode Arrays Enhance Understanding of Neuronal Network Communication
Jul 14, 2024
Understanding the dynamics of neuronal communication is crucial for advancing neuroscience research and developing effective therapies for neurological disorders. Neuronal network models have long been valuable in neuroscience, offering high controllability and repeatability for studying brain functions, disease mechanisms, and the impacts of neurological drugs. However, traditional two-dimensional (2D) microelectrode arrays (MEAs) used for monitoring these networks have limitations, particularly in stability and signal-to-noise ratio. These limitations have hindered long-term recordings necessary for long-term studies.
In a recent study published in ACS Nano, a group of scientists led by Prof. CAI Xinxia from the Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in collaboration with international collogues, have developed an innovative approach to investigating the dynamics of neuronal networks. Utilizing three-dimensional gold microelectrode arrays, the scientists have significantly improved the ability to monitor and analyze communication within neuronal networks.
The study introduces a customizable, polymer-modified 3D gold microelectrode array capable of providing stable, high SNR recordings over extended periods. This innovation enabling detailed exploration of cell communication within neuronal networks over extended periods, overcoming the deficiencies of planar 2D MEAs. The 3D structure enhances electrical conductivity and biocompatibility, enabling more effective coupling with electrically active cell membranes.
The scientists applied directed spatial and temporal patterns of electrical stimulation to cultured neuronal networks, monitoring their dynamics over three weeks. By employing correlation heatmaps and mutual information networks, they quantified the networks’ synaptic-based communication and connectivity. Analysis of synaptic delay and signal speed between cells led to the development of a communication connectivity model, revealing dynamic changes in network communication over time.
The findings from this study provide a valuable tool for future studies on neuronal network dynamics. The ability to monitor communication changes within these networks can enhance our understanding of both healthy brain function and disease mechanisms. Additionally, this approach o offers a promising platform for evaluating the efficacy of neurological therapies.
The paper's first author, ZHANG Kui, a Ph.D. student at AIR, is currently conducting research at the University of Glasgow. This foundational Interdisciplinary study is a result of a close international collaboration among Professor Cai Xinxia’s team at AIR, Professor Yin Huabing’s team at the University of Glasgow, and Professor Xu Qi’s team from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
The graphical abstract of this research. (Image by AIR)
Contact: luyq@aircas.ac.cn
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